Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit

Centers: Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit

Few states and counties know what return on investment they are getting for expenditures on their criminal and juvenile justice systems. Agencies spend money and make assumptions about the financial and substantive effects of policy and program choices without much solid information on the real costs incurred or benefits accrued. Yet this information is highly relevant to the decisions policymakers need to make, particularly in a challenging fiscal climate.

Vera’s Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit provides policymakers with clear, accessible information on the economic pros and cons associated with criminal and juvenile justice investments, so that they can identify effective, affordable interventions for their jurisdictions and allocate resources accordingly. We perform cost-benefit analyses and other cost-related studies, support jurisdictions conducting their own studies, and carry out research to advance the knowledge and application of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) in the justice system. We also provide technical assistance to help jurisdictions integrate CBA and other types of economic analysis in their justice planning and policymaking. 

The Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit draws upon the experience of an advisory board of national experts and practitioners in criminal justice and economics.

For more information on the Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit, please contact Tina Chiu, director of technical assistance.
 

Projects

A Natural Experiment in Reform: Analyzing drug policy change in New York

The Substance Use and Mental Health Program (SUMH) is studying the impact of recent changes to New York State drug laws that allow shorter sentences and alternatives to incarceration for certain felony drug charges. The reform is a shift from mandatory sentencing guidelines limiting judicial discretion that came into effect in 1973 during the tenure of then-governor Nelson A. Rockefeller and were popularly known as the Rockefeller drug laws. The study will describe the reform’s implementation and explore its implications for public safety and criminal-justice-system costs.

A New Role for Technology: The Impact of Video Visitation on Corrections Staff, Inmates, and their Families

This study, funded by the National Institute of Justice, will explore whether providing incarcerated people with access to video visitation improves the nature and frequency of prisoners’ contact with their families and other people who support them. It will also explore if these contacts improve their compliance with custodial rules and outcomes after their release from prison.

Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Center for Employment Opportunities

Vera's Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit worked with MDRC to conduct a cost-benefit analysis of the Center for Employment Opportunities, an independent program launched by the Vera Institute that provides employment services to people with criminal records.

Cost-Benefit Knowledge Bank for Criminal Justice

Vera's Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit has developed a national knowledge bank for cost-benefit analysis in criminal justice to help practitioners and policymakers better understand the budgetary impact of criminal justice policy choices.

The Price of Prisons

Vera’s Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit and Center on Sentencing and Corrections, in collaboration with the Public Safety Performance Project of the Pew Center on the States, have developed a methodology to guide a complete accounting of the cost of prisons.

A Guide to Calculating Justice-System Marginal Costs
05/02/2013
The costs and benefits of criminal justice policies and activities affect everyone. Understanding what goes into the costs of operating jails, prisons, probation and parole, courts, law enforcement agencies, treatment programs, and other segments of the criminal justice system is important for...
Building Cost-Benefit Analysis Capacity in Criminal Justice: Notes from a Roundtable Discussion
04/26/2013
As state and local budgets have become increasingly strained in recent years, interest in using cost-benefit analysis (CBA) in criminal justice policymaking and planning has grown. Although reliable information on costs and benefits can help guide budget officials, policymakers, and legislators,...
The Price of Prisons: What Incarceration Costs Taxpayers
02/29/2012
Staff from Vera’s Center on Sentencing and Corrections and Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit developed a methodology to calculate the taxpayer cost of prisons, including costs outside states’ corrections budgets. Among the 40 states that participated in a survey, the cost of prisons was $39 billion in...
More Than a Job: Final Results from the Evaluation of the Center for Employment Opportunities (CEO) Transitional Jobs Program
12/31/2011
This report, published by MDRC, presents the final results of an evaluation of the Center for Employment Opportunities (CEO), a New York City-based employment program for formerly incarcerated people. A Vera spin-off, CEO provides temporary jobs and other services to improve participants’ prospects...
Cost-benefit analysis of raising the age of juvenile jurisdiction in North Carolina
01/19/2011
North Carolina is one of two states that process any offense committed by 16- and 17-year-olds in the adult justice system. Vera’s Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit worked with the state’s Youth Accountability Planning Task Force to assess the costs and benefits of transferring 16- and 17-year-olds...
05/02/2013
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The costs and benefits of criminal justice policies affect us all—taxpayers, elected officials, practitioners, and society as a whole. As cost-benefit analysts and budget officials know, any meaningful discussion about government costs requires an...
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04/26/2013
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The title of a new publication from Vera’s Cost-Benefit Knowledge Bank for Criminal Justice (CBKB) is admittedly a mouthful: Building Cost-Benefit Analysis Capacity in Criminal Justice: Notes from a Roundtable Discussion. It also includes a dreaded...
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03/13/2013
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By Léon Digard, research associate, Center on Sentencing and Corrections Vera’s Center on Sentencing and Corrections, Family Justice Program, and Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit, in partnership with the Washington State Department of Corrections (DOC),  ...
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02/04/2013
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By Jules Verdone A recent page-one article in The New York Times raised fascinating questions about what other jurisdictions can learn from New York City, where the police force expanded in the 1990s and both crime and incarceration have decreased...
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12/17/2012
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As 2012 winds down, the staff of Vera’s Cost-Benefit Knowledge Bank (CBKB) for Criminal Justice have engaged in some predictable year-end behavior. We’ve been making lists. Our website, like the rest of the project, focuses on the use of cost-...
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Tina Chiu
Director of Technical Assistance
Christian Henrichson
Senior Policy Analyst, Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit
Sarah Galgano
Policy Analyst, Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit
Carl Matthies
Senior Policy Analyst, Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit
Robert Reed, Jr.
Senior Policy Adviser, Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit
Joshua Rinaldi
Policy Analyst, Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit
Jules Verdone
Content Manager, Cost-Benefit Knowledge Bank
Desiré Vincent
Project Coordinator, Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit
Steve Aos photo Steve Aos
Steve Aos is the director of the Washington State Institute for Public Policy, the nonpartisan research arm of the Washington State legislature. He has more than 35 years of experience in conducting cost-benefit analyses and in communicating the results to policymakers in a wide range of public policy areas, as well as in the private sector. His current work focuses on identifying and evaluating the costs and benefits of programs and policies that reduce crime, improve K-12 educational outcomes, reduce child abuse and neglect, improve mental health, and reduce substance abuse and tobacco use. He also has many years of experience in energy economics and regulatory policy.
 
Mark Bergstrom photo Mark H. Bergstrom
Mark H. Bergstrom has been the executive director of the Pennsylvania Commission on Sentencing since 1998. In addition to providing the overall management of the Commission, he also serves as the commission’s liaison with the General Assembly, the Administrative Office of the Pennsylvania Courts, the Governor’s Office, other state and local agencies, and with the various administrative units of The Pennsylvania State University, where the Commission is based. In his prior positions with the Commission, he was responsible for incorporating intermediate punishments into the sentencing guidelines, conducting training seminars on sentencing-related issues, and assisting counties with the development and implementation of intermediate punishment plans and programs.
 
Mark A. Cohen photo Mark A. Cohen
Mark A. Cohen is professor of management and law at Vanderbilt University. Previously, he served as a staff economist at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission and the U.S. Sentencing Commission and as vice president for research at Resources for the Future. He is often called upon by government and research organizations to serve in advisory roles providing his expertise on the economics of crime and the cost of crime to society. He served for two terms as chairman of the American Statistical Association’s Committee on Law and Justice. He has received several research grants from the National Institute of Justice to assess the costs and impact of crime on society. He has lectured around the world on the cost of crime, including consultations and invited talks with governmental organizations in the U.S., U.K., Canada, Netherlands, Poland, Finland, and elsewhere in the EU.
 
Philip J. Cook photo

Philip J. Cook
Philip J. Cook is the senior associate dean for faculty of the Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University. He has served in a variety of capacities with the National Academy of Sciences, including membership on expert panels dealing with alcohol-abuse prevention, violence, school shootings and underage drinking. He is the author of Paying the Tab: The Costs and Benefits of Alcohol Control, (Princeton University Press, 2007) and the coauthor of Gun Violence: The Real Costs (Oxford University Press, 2000), which uses economic theory to develop and apply a framework for assessing costs. Among his current projects is an evaluation of a randomized field trial for reducing recidivism among released prisoners in Milwaukee.
 

Dall Forsythe photo

Dall Forsythe
Dall Forsythe is a senior fellow at the Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service at New York University and a member of the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board. Dr. Forsythe served as budget director for the State of New York and chief budget officer for the New York City public schools. He was also a managing director in Lehman Brothers’ public finance department, chief administrative officer of the Episcopal Diocese of New York, and chief financial officer of the Atlantic Philanthropies. Dr. Forsythe has held faculty positions at Columbia University; the Kennedy School at Harvard; the School of Public Affairs at Baruch College (CUNY); and SUNY’s University of Albany. He was a senior fellow at the Rockefeller Institute of Government in Albany, and is the author of Memos to the Governor: An Introduction to State Budgeting. He received a bachelor's degree and a PhD from Columbia University. 
 

Michael Jacobson
Michael Jacobson heads a new public and fiscal policy institute for state and local governments at the City University of New York, where he is also a professor in the Graduate Center’s sociology department. Michael was director of the Vera Institute of Justice from 2005 until May of 2013, and was previously commissioner of corrections and of probation in New York City and a deputy budget director for the city.

 

Jens Ludwig
Jens Ludwig is director of the University of Chicago Crime Lab, McCormick Foundation Professor of Social Service Administration, Law, and Public Policy at the University of Chicago, a non-resident senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, Faculty Research Fellow of the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), and co-director of the NBER’s working group on the Economics of Crime. He conducts empirical research in law and economics and social policy, with a focus on urban poverty, education, crime, and housing. He is the co-author with Duke University professor Philip J. Cook of Gun Violence: The Real Costs (Oxford University Press 2000) and co-editor with Cook of Evaluating Gun Policy (Brookings Institution Press 2003). Before coming to the University of Chicago, he was a professor of public policy at Georgetown University. In 2006, he received the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management’s David N. Kershaw Prize for distinguished contributions to public policy by the age of 40.

 

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